Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

Which of the following diseases is often associated with high rates of maternal mortality globally?

1. HIV/AIDS

2. Tuberculosis

3. Malaria

4. All of the above

The correct answer is: All of the above

The selection of "All of the above" as the correct answer is grounded in the understanding that HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria each contribute significantly to maternal mortality on a global scale. HIV/AIDS is a major public health issue, especially in regions with limited access to healthcare. In pregnant women, HIV can complicate the pregnancy and significantly increase the risk of maternal death if left untreated, as it can lead to opportunistic infections and other complications. Tuberculosis poses another serious risk for pregnant women. The disease can exacerbate maternal health issues, and the immunosuppression associated with pregnancy can make women more susceptible to contracting and suffering severe consequences from tuberculosis. Malaria remains a critical factor in maternal mortality, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Pregnant women are more prone to severe complications from malaria, which can lead to anemia, respiratory distress, and ultimately, maternal death. Understanding that these diseases interconnect and collectively contribute to high rates of maternal mortality emphasizes the need for integrated healthcare approaches in public health nursing to address the multifaceted challenges faced by pregnant women in various populations.