Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

What factors should a nurse consider in the development of disease when delivering care?

1. Genetics, lifestyle, and marketing

2. Genetics, lifestyle, and environment

3. Techniques, environment, and counseling

4. Genetics, technology, and community resources

The correct answer is: Genetics, lifestyle, and environment

The development of disease is influenced by a complex interplay of various factors, of which genetics, lifestyle, and environment are crucial components. Genetics refers to the hereditary factors that can predispose individuals to certain conditions or diseases. For instance, a family history of heart disease may indicate higher risk for an individual. Lifestyle factors encompass behaviors and habits that can either promote health or contribute to disease. This includes diet, physical activity, substance use, and stress management. A person who leads a sedentary lifestyle and has poor dietary habits may be at greater risk for chronic illnesses such as diabetes or heart disease. The environment is also a significant factor in disease development. This includes both the physical environment, such as pollution, access to healthcare, and safe living conditions, as well as social determinants like socioeconomic status and education. For example, individuals living in areas with limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables may struggle to maintain a healthy diet. When nurses deliver care, considering these three interrelated factors allows for a more holistic approach. It helps them to identify at-risk individuals and tailor health interventions that address not only the biological aspects of disease but also the lifestyle choices and environmental influences that may be present. By incorporating all three factors—genetics, lifestyle, and environment—n